Shock, Classification, Cause and Treatment

SHOCK

Shock is defined as failure of the circulatory system to maintain adequate perfusion of vital organs.

Shock is a life-threatening medical condition as a result of insufficient blood flow throughout the body.

* Medical shock is different than emotional or psychological shock.

Classification of the shock :-

1. Cardiogenic shock occurs due to

heart problems, such as valve disorder, heart attack or heart failure.

2. Hypovolemic shock occurs due to internal or external bleeding, diarrhea, chronic vomiting, dehydration or severe burns.

3. Distributive shock is a medical condition in which abnormal distribution of blood flow in the smallest blood vessels results in inadequate supply of blood to the body's tissues and organs.

It is further classified into:-

Anaphylactic shock occurs due to the severe allergic reaction. Septic shock occurs due to E. coli or other infection.

Neurogenic shock occurs due to a spinal injury, hypoglycemia.

Septic shock occur due to the when bacteria release endotoxins

Septic shock are most common cause by gram negative bacteria

Causes of Shock :-

• Excessive blood loss

• Heart failure or heart attack

• Severe allergic reactions

• Burns

• Dehydration

• Blood infection

. Poisoning

Sign and Symptoms of Shock :-

_ Chest pain

_ Confusion

_ Anxiety/ restlessness

_ Bluish fingernails and lips

_ Enlarged pupils

_ low or no urine output

_ Nausea and vomiting

_ Rapid, weak pulse

_ Rapid, shallow breathing

_ Unconscious

_ Pale, clammy and cool skin

_ Dizziness

Diagnosis :-

• Blood tests: A sample of blood is examined to evaluate blood infection, significant blood loss, or an overdose of medication or drug.

.Imaging tests: 

_ ultrasound

_ X-ray

_ CT scan

_ MRI 

Treatment :-

Medications to narrow the blood vessels in case of cardiogenic shock

Antibiotics to cure the infection in case of septic shock

Antihistamines and Adrenaline for anaphylactic shock

Corticosteroids to treat neurogenic and anaphylactic shock

Prevention of shock :-

Maintain a healthy lifestyle: 

Eat a well-balanced diet and exercise regularly to avoid heart diseases.

Prevent injuries: 

Wear protective gears while driving, playing sports, or working with dangerous equipment to prevent injuries.

Drink plenty of water:

Keep yourself hydrated to prevent dehydration. 

By : @ummedsaini_