SIGNS OF PREGNANCY & THEIR EXPLANATIONS

Sign of pregnancy and their explanations

1. Hartman sign

- First three month

- implantation bleeding

2. Palmer sign

- 4-8 Weeks

- Regular rhythmic contraction during bimanual examination

3. Goodell's Sign

- 6 Weeks

- Softening of lower part of cervix.

4. Hegar's Sign

- 6-10 weeks

- And bimanual examination abdominal and vaginal singers opposes each other.

5. Piskacek Sign

- 6-8 weeks

- asymmetric enlargement of uterus.

6. Osiander's Sign [Octa-8]

- 8 weeks

- Increased pulsation felt through lateral fornix of vagina.

7. Chadwick Sign/ Jacquemier Sign 

- 8 weeks 

- Bluish coloration of vestibule.

8. Braxton Hicks Contraction

- >20 weeks of pregnancy.

- Painless irregular spasmodic contraction without any effect on dilation of cervix can also be felt in pedunculated fibroid submucous type and hematometra.

@ummedsaini_

@nursingeducation

Drug Of Choice

ANTIDOTE AND DRUG OF CHOICE

1.Drug for PCM poisoning :- N acetylecystine (mucomyst)

2. DOC for Acute Asthma:- Salbutamol

3.DOC for Chronic Asthma:- Salmetrol

4.Drug of choice for bipolar disorder:- Lithium

5.Drug of choice for mania:- Lithium

6.Drug of choice for acute mania:-Haloperidol

7.Drug of choice for chronic mania:-Lithum

8.Drug of choice for hyperkalamia:- Kayxalate/sodium natropuroside/insuline+dextrose

9.Drug of choice for Ketoacidosis:- Insuline+dextrose

10.Prophylaxis for Asthma:-Montalucast

11.Drug for Digitalis Toxicity:-Digibind

12.Drug of choice for Acute migraine:-Sumatripatan

13 Drug of choice for ADHD:-Methylphenidate(Amphetamine)

14.Drug of choice for Alzeihmers disease:-Tacrine/donepzil/Rivastigmine

15.Drug of choice for Myasthenia gravis:-Neostigmine

16.Drug of choice for Anaphylactic Shock:-Adrenaline

17.Drug of choice for Hyperthyroidism in pregnancy/Lactation:-Propylthiouracil

18.Drug of choice for Atonic Seizures:-Sodium valproate

19.Drug of choice for Febrile Seizures:-Diazepam

20.Antidote for Aspirine poisoning:-Sodium bicarbonate

21.Antidote for organophosphate poisoning:-Atropine

22.Drug of choice for Central Diabetic Insipidus:-Vasoprassin/desmopressin

23.DOC for Chemotherapy induced vomiting:-Ondasteron

24.DOC for chloroquine resistant malaria:-Quinine

25.DOC for cholera:Tetracycline

26.Antidote for Benzodiazapine poisoning:-Flumazenil

27.Antidote for Barbiturate poisoning:-Sodium bicarbonate 

28.Antidote for Atropine poisoning:-Physostigmine

29.DOC for Chese reaction:-Phentolamine

30.DOC for Acute Gout:-Indomethacin

31.DOC for Chronic Gout:-Allopurinol

32.DOC for complicated Malaria:-Artesunate

33.Antidote for Cyanide poisoning:-Amyl nitrate

34.DOC for Depression:-Any of SSRI                 drug(Citalopram,Escitalopram,Fluoetine,Paroxetine,Sertraline,Vilazodone)

35.DOC for disease modifying anti Rheumatic drug(DMARD):-Methotrexate

36.DOC for drug induced parkinson disease:-Benzhexol

37.Choice of Muscle relaxant for Endotracheal intubation:-Succinylcholine

Q38.Choice for Relaxant for ECT:-succinylcholine

39.Treatment of choice for severe Depression:-ECT

40.DOC for Enteric Fever:-Ceftrixone

41.DOC for Epilepsy in pregnancy:-Lamotrigine

42.Antidote for Fibrinolytics:-Aminocaproic acid

43.DOC for BPH(Benign prostate hypertrophy):-Prozosin

44.Antidote for Heparine Toxicity:-Protamine sulphate

45.prophylaxis for herpes:-Acyclovir

46.prophylaxis for rheumatic fever:-Benzathaine penicilline

47.prophylaxis for MI:-Asprine

48.DOC for Malaria:-Chloroquine 

49.DOC for hypertensive emergency:-Sodium nitroprusside

50.DOC for hypertension in pregnancy:-Lobetalol

51.DOC for Eclampsia:-Mgso4

52.DOC for Hypothyroidism:-Levothyroxin

53.DOC for hypovolemic Shock:-IV fluids

54.Antidote for Iron toxicity :-Desferoxamine

55.DOC for Methanol poisoning:-Fomepizole

56.DOC FOR Methicillin resistant staphylococcus aureus :- Vencomycin

57.Mydriatic of choice in Adults:-Tropicamide

58.Mydriatic of choice in children:-Atropine

59.DOC for syphillis:-Benzathine penicilline

60.DOC for noctural enuresis :- Desmopressin/imipramine

61.DOC for obsessive compulsive disorders:-SSRI

drug(Citalopram,Escitalopram,Fluoetine,Paroxetine,Sertraline,Vilazodone)

62.Antidote for Opiod poisoning:-Nalaxone

63. DOC for oral hypoglycemic drug in obese :- metformine

64.DOC for oral hypoglycemic drug in thin:-Sulfonylureas

65.DOC for cardiogenic Shock:-Dobutamine

66.DOC for cardiogenic Shock with Oligourea:-Dopamine

67.Doc for Status Epilepticus:-Mgso4

68.DOC for prevent surgical site infection:-Cefazolin

69.Doc for patent ductus arteriosus:-Indomethacin

70.Doc for PPH:-Carbaprost

71.Doc for Anovulation:-Clomiphene Citrate

72.Antidote for warferin:- Vita. 

K

73.DOC for Parkinson disease:-Levodopa+carbdopa

74.DOC for hyperprolactinemia:-Bromocriptine

75.safest ATT Drug in pregnancy:-Rifampicin.

By: @ummedsaini_

@nursingeducation

Florence Nightingale

Florence Nightingale 

 

 Florence Nightingale also know as " Lady with the lamp ".

She was a philosopher and founder of modern nursing.

Born - 12 may 1820 : Florence, Italy 

Died - 13 August 1910 ; London, UK

Florence Nightingale, (12 May 1820 – 13 August 1910), was an English nurse. She helped create the modern techniques of nursing. 

She became a leader of the team of nurses who helped wounded soldiers during the Crimean War.

Florence Nightingale, a well-educated nurse, was recruited along with 38 other nurses for service in a hospital called Scutari during the Crimean War in 1854 . 

It was Nightingale's approaches to nursing that produced amazing results. 

Florence Nightingale was responsible for crucial changes in hospital protocol, a new view on the capabilities and potential of women, and the creation of a model of standards that all future nurses could aspire towards. 

Theories by Nightingale - 

Environmental theory

 Focuses on environmental cleanliness and concerns for ventilation, temperature, light ,and noise .

She established a nursing school at St Thomas Hospital in London. 

It was the first professional nursing school in the world.

 Virginia Henderson: "The First Lady of Nursing. Virginia "

👉 Henderson was a nurse theorist and educator who advocated for a positive view of the nursing profession.

👉 Henderson developed the Nursing Need Theory, a way to define the focus of nursing practice.

👉 1908 the trained nursing association of india was formed.

👉 1871 first school of nursing was started in government general hospital madras.

👉 1946 the first four years bachelor degree program was established at RAK college of nursing in delhi & Christian medical college Vellore.

👉 1947 the indian nursing council act.

👉 1960 first masters degree course a two year postgraduate program was started at RAK college of nursing delhi.

By - @ummedsaini_ @nursingeducation

Vital signs of newborn and 1 year old infant

Vital signs of newborn and 1 year old infant

☑️ Newborn 👇👇

👉 Temperature : Axillary 96.8°F to 99.0°F { 36°C to 37.2°C }

👉 Apical heart rate : 120 to 160 beats/ minutes

👉 Respiration : 30 to 60 { average 40} breath/minutes.

👉 Blood pressure : 80-90/40-50mmHg.

 ☑️ 1 year old infant 👇👇

👉 Temperature Axillary : 97°F to 99°F {36.1°C to 37.2°C}

👉 Apical heart Rate : 90 to 130 beats / minutes

👉 Respiration : 20 to 40 breaths / minutes

👉 Blood pressure : 90/56mm Hg

👉 Vaccines store in the freezer compartment ate = polio and measles

👉 Vaccines which must be store in cold part and never allowed to freeze are = BCG ,DPT, DT, TT ,TYPHOID, DILUENTS.

DEMENTIA: Dementia, some common causes

D = Diabetes

E = Ethanol

M = Medication

E = Environmental (e.g., CO poisoning)

N = Nutritional

T = Trauma

I = Infection

A = Alzheimer’s

ASTHMA: Common Medications used to treat Asthma

A = Albuterol

S = Steroid

T = Theophylline

H = Humidified Oxygen

M = Magnesium (MgSO4)

A = Antileukotrienes

APGAR: System to evaluate newborn’s condition

A = Appearance (color)

P = Pulse (heart rate)

G = Grimmace (reflex, irritability)

A = Activity (muscle tone)

R = Respiratory effort

AEIOU TIPS: Causes of altered mental status

A = Alcohol

E = Epilepsy, electrolytes

I = Infection

O = Overdose

U = Urea

T = Trauma

I = Insulin

P = Psychiatric

S = Sepsis, shock

ABC HELP: Causes of ST Elevation in ECG

A = AMI

B = Brugada

C = CNS Pathologies

H = Hypertrophy (LVH)

E = benign Early repolarization

L = LBBB

P = Pericarditis

ABCDE: Supraventricular tachycardia (treatment)

A = Adenosine

B = Beta-blocker

C = Calcium channel antagonist

D = Digoxin

E = Excitation (vagal stimulation)

4 P’s: Arterial occlusion

P = Pain

P = Pallor

P = Pulselessness

P = Paresthesias

@ummedsaini_

@nursingeducation