Ovulation: Define in detail

Ovulation Hormone Cycle Symptoms :

Ovulation is the process by which a woman's body releases an egg from the ovary. This occurs approximately once a month as part of the menstrual cycle. Ovulation is controlled by hormones, specifically follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) and luteinizing hormone (LH).

FSH is released by the pituitary gland in the brain and stimulates the growth of several follicles (small fluid-filled sacs) in the ovary. Each follicle contains an immature egg. As the follicles grow, they produce estrogen, which in turn causes the lining of the uterus (endometrium) to thicken in preparation for possible pregnancy.

As one of the follicles matures and becomes dominant, it continues to produce estrogen, but also begins to produce increasing amounts of progesterone. The increase in progesterone causes a surge in LH, which triggers ovulation. Ovulation typically occurs 14 days before the start of the next menstrual period, although this can vary depending on the individual.

When ovulation occurs, the mature egg is released from the ovary and travels down the fallopian tube towards the uterus. Along the way, the egg may be fertilized by sperm, which can lead to pregnancy. If the egg is not fertilized, it will eventually be shed along with the thickened endometrium during menstruation.

The ovaries have a finite number of eggs and ovulation becomes less frequent as a woman approaches menopause. Ovulation can also be disrupted by certain medical conditions, such as polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), or by certain medications, such as birth control pills.

Symptoms of ovulation can include a slight increase in basal body temperature, a change in cervical mucus, and a slight pain or twinge on one side of the lower abdomen (mittelschmerz). Some women may also experience light spotting or a slight increase in vaginal discharge around the time of ovulation.

Ovulation can be tracked by several methods, including basal body temperature charts, ovulation predictor kits, and ultrasound. These methods can be used to help predict the most fertile days of the menstrual cycle and increase the chances of pregnancy.

In summary, Ovulation is the process by which a woman's body releases an egg from the ovary and is controlled by hormones FSH and LH. Ovulation occurs approximately 14 days before the start of the next menstrual period, although this can vary. The ovaries have a finite number of eggs and ovulation becomes less frequent as a woman approaches menopause. Ovulation can also be disrupted by certain medical conditions or medications. Symptoms of ovulation can include a slight increase in basal body temperature, a change in cervical mucus, and a slight pain or twinge on one side of the lower abdomen. Ovulation can be tracked by several methods to help predict the most fertile days of the menstrual cycle.  

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